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赛里木湖(Sayram Lake)
Xinjiang

    赛里木湖(Sayram Lake)古称“净海”,位于中国新疆博尔塔拉州博乐市境内的北天山山脉中,紧邻伊犁州霍城县,是一个风光秀美的高山湖泊。湖面海拔2071.9米,东西长30公里,南北宽25公里,面积453平方公里平均水深46.4米,最深处达106米,蓄水量210亿立方米。赛里木湖湖面海拔2073米,是新疆海拔最高、面积最大的高山冷水湖。湖水除周围一些小河注入外,主要靠地下水补给。由于所处位置较高,蒸发量较小,湖水矿化度为3克/升左右 ,略带咸味,属微咸湖。湖四周是倾斜低岸,水草丰美,为优良牧场。无大河注入湖内,流域内也少冰川和永久积雪,湖水主要来源可能为潜水。50年代曾测得赛里木湖东侧水位明显上涨,原因可能为湖盆的抬升运动。湖水於12月下旬封冻,冰厚1-2公尺,次年5月解冻。乌鲁木齐--伊犁公路沿湖南岸穿过。以神奇秀丽的自然风光享誉古今中外。

   赛里木湖湖滨水草丰富,为优良牧场。每年入冬,这里雪涌水凝,略呈椭圆形的湖面镶在冰山雪原之中,宛若洁白松软的丝绵上搁置着一块碧绿的翡翠。到了夏季,湖畔林茂涧清,草茂花繁,辽阔的草原上,幕帐点点,炊烟袅袅,牛羊成群,牧马奔驰,构成了一幅动人的牧场风景画。环湖气候湿润,年均降水量近400毫米,年均气温1.1摄氏度,冬季较长,夏季凉爽,春秋相连。湖周植被以草原和森林广布为特征。云杉林是湖周主要森林,树干笔直、苍劲挺拔,层层叠叠,织成塔林。林荫之内,伴有桦林、花楸、山楂等树种;林下浅草平铺,野菇丛生;林中还栖息马鹿、雪鸡、金雕、啄木鸟等异兽珍禽,湖中天鹅、斑头雁、白眉鸭等水禽畅游嬉戏。
     赛里木湖还具有重大的科学考察价值,赛里木湖形成于7000万年前的喜马拉雅造山运动时期,地质学称为“地堑湖”。而且赛里木湖盆地的第四纪湖泊沉积记录了西天山的地貌发育和古冰川作用的全部历史,反映了我国西北与中亚地区第四纪气候与环境的几个变化阶段,同时也为西北地区冰期与第四纪地层的划分提供了科学证据。
  有着诸多称谓的赛里木湖:因是大西洋的暖湿气流最后眷顾的地方,所以被称作大西洋最后一滴眼泪;赛里木湖古籍亦称天池。当地人称呼赛里木湖为三台海子,因清代在湖的东岸设有鄂勒著依图博木军台(即三台)而得名。赛里木湖古称“西方净海”,蒙古语称“赛里木淖尔”,意为“山脊梁上的湖”,突厥语中“赛里木”意为“平安”之意。而赛里木湖是哈萨克语,是祝愿的意思;因传说赛里木湖是由一对为爱殉情的年轻恋人的泪水汇集而成的,又被称为天池和乳海。

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Copyright: 庭州360xj.Cn图视天下
Type: Spherical
Resolution: 6000x3000
Taken: 23/05/2009
Chargée: 20/02/2011
Published: 20/02/2011
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Tags: 赛里木湖(sayram lake)中国新疆
More About Xinjiang

Xinjiang is located in the northwest frontier of China's regional capital Urumqi. Xinjiang stayed indoors Asian inland, west across the Pamirs. Xinjiang Taklamakan Desert in China's largest desert and the lowest basin in China Turpan Basin, as well as the longest inland river of China's Tarim River. Temperate continental arid climate. The major cities in Xinjiang's capital Urumqi, the oil city of Karamay. Xinjiang Tianshan Tianchi spots there, the Huoyanshan Turpan, Kashgar Mosque. There Altai Mountains in northern Xinjiang, southern Kunlun Mountains, Karakorum Mountains and the Altun Mountains. Tianshan, Xinjiang, as a symbol across the middle, forming the southern and northern Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin. Customary to call the area south of the Tianshan Mountains in southern Xinjiang, northern Tianshan area north called to Hami, Turpan Basin, called the east Xinjiang. Xinjiang three snow mountains and glaciers bred together more than 500 rivers, located in North and South Tianshan Basin, the larger are the Tarim, Ili, Irtysh, Manas river, ulungur, Kaidu River more than 20. Many cross the river, there are numerous oasis garden terraced rice paddies, villages and towns the sea, input on "ten-mile Peach 10000 willow" in Beyond the Great scenery. This is the people of all nationalities in Xinjiang interest-bearing activities, the main base for generations to come. Xinjiang has many beautiful lakes and natural scenery, with a total area of 9,700 square kilometers, accounting for 0.6% of the total area of Xinjiang for more than ten of them the famous lakes: Lake Bosten, Ebinur, Buluntuohai, A Yage Curry Lake, Sailimu Lake, Ah-Ge kul Lake, Whale Lake, Ji Li Lake, aksay Lake, exme Lake.  Cotton in Xinjiang in connection Setsurei, lined with Bingfeng to form a unique large glaciers, a total of 186 thousand, with a total area of more than 24,000 square km, accounting for 42% of area of glaciers and ice reserves of 258 million cubic meters, Xinjiang's natural "solid reservoir." Is extremely rich in water resources in Xinjiang, per capita highest in the country, to be vigorously developed. Desert the country's total desert area of 2 / 3, which covers an area of the Taklimakan Desert, 336.7 thousand square kilometers, is China's largest desert, the world's second largest mobile desert, next to the desert on the Arabian peninsula Lubuhali. Junggar Basin gurban Tongut desert, an area of 48,000 square kilometers, China's second largest desert. In the desert of Xinjiang is rich in oil and gas resources and mineral resources. China's dry, hottest, the coldest places in Xinjiang. China's longest inland river, the lowest depressions, the largest desert in Xinjiang are. In Xinjiang can watch the world-famous Yardang Landform, wind erosion mushrooms, caves, stone forest, as well as a mirage in the desert, windblown sand call and other unique natural landscape. The desert of Xinjiang, there are numerous rare plants and animals for visitors to view.    


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