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Nobbys Head
Australia

Nobbys Head stands at the entrance to Newcastle harbour and is about 18 metres in total height.  Nobbys is home to both a lighthouse and a signal station.  The headland was originally an island (Coal Island) and was artificially connected to the mainland in the 19th century by Macquarie Pier.  The modern breakwall was extended in stages during the 20th century.


Geologically, Nobbys is comprised of the lower section of the late Permian Newcastle Coal Measures.  Most of the exposure (pale coloured rock) consists on the Nobbys Tuff, a thick layer of volcanic ash that has been dated at 253 Ma.  Beneath the tuff is Nobbys Seam (coal) - hidden beneath the debris apron.  Above the tuff, the top of the section is capped by the Victoria Tunnel Seam (coal).  Before the top of the headland was leveled to install the lighthouse, the island was originally capped by a layer of the Merewether Conglomerate, which occurs sratigraphically above the coal seam.  The sequence is cut by a steeply southwest dipping basaltic dyke of Cretaceous age (99 Ma minimum age). The dyke is one of several along the Newcastle coastline, and is associated with rifting that led to the opening of the Tasman Sea.

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Copyright: Bill Landenberger
Type: Spherical
Resolution: 17524x8762
Taken: 07/10/2022
上传: 08/10/2022
Published: 08/10/2022
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Tags: nobbys-head; geology
More About Australia

There are no kangaroos in Austria. We're talking about Australia, the world's smallest continent. That being cleared up, let's dive right in! Australia is a sovereign state under the Commonwealth of Nations, which is in turn overseen by Queen Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Australia and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth. The continent was first sighted and charted by the Dutch in 1606. Captain James Cook of Britain came along in the next century to claim it for Britain and name it "New South Wales." Shortly thereafter it was declared to be a penal colony full of nothing but criminals and convicts, giving it the crap reputation you may have heard at your last cocktail party. This rumor ignores 40,000 years of pre-European human history, especially the Aboriginal concept of Dreamtime, an interesting explanation of physical and spiritual reality. The two biggest cities in Australia are Sydney and Melbourne. Sydney is more for business, Melbourne for arts. But that's painting in very broad strokes. Take a whirl around the panoramas to see for yourself! Text by Steve Smith.


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