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The Oregon Trail was the site of a number of conflicts between immigrants and Native Americans. One such conflict is known as the Utter Massacre (sometimes spelled Otter). This place, know as the Sinker Grade, is believed by many to be and is marked on a number of maps as the location of the first attack of the Utter Massacre (there were several attacks). But substantial evidence has been found that suggests that the actual first attack of the conflict happened about 8 miles (12.9 km) southeast from this location, near Castle Creek (a little west of Castle Butte) and not at this location.
On September 9, 1860 a 2-day conflict ensued between the Shoshone/Bannock natives and a party of 44 immigrants headed by Elijah P. Utter. This ended with 11 immigrant casualties from a gun battle. Later on down the trail over the next 40 days at least 5 other attacks occurred between the same two groups, the others more gruesome.
In the end, only 12 of the 44 immigrants survived. The others succumbed to wounds from gun-battles, starvation and some shot while defenseless, thus qualifying the event as a massacre. 4 children were kidnapped and later died. The casualties among the Native Americans is not known, but estimated to be around 20-25.
This image was taken on December 31, 2011 on a remote section of the South Alternate Oregon Trial. The wagon trail followed roughly the bottom of this ravine. Historians today don't believe that any of the Utter Massacre attacks happened at this site.
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Idaho is a state located in the northwestern region of the United States of America. Idaho is the 14th largest state by area, ranks 39th by population and 53rd by population density of the 50 United States. Idaho was the 43rd state to be admitted into the Union, on July 3, 1890. Idaho is landlocked, being bordered by Canada on the north and the states of Washington and Oregon on the west, Nevada and Utah on the south and Montana and Wyoming on the east. Idaho is nicknamed "The Gem State" because nearly every known gemstone is found within the state. Idaho is also famous for producing about one third of all potatoes grown in the USA. Idaho also hosts the largest barrel cheese factory in the world, producing 120K metric tons of cheese per year. There is some ambiguity as to where the name "Idaho" came from, but it is generally believed to have simply been made up by George M. Willing. There is a possibility it was derived from a Native American phrase. Idaho is very mountainous and is a popular outing destination of the outdoorsman. The state population was about 1.58M in July 2011 with 84% being Caucasian, 11.2% Hispanic and 1.1% Native American. The state capital and largest city is Boise.Source: wikipedia
